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Empire z command center 221/31/2024 ![]() The server replies with a 200 OK with the same default response. This is optional and depends on the module to be executed. ![]() The victim might send a POST message with a small payload indicating job has been started.The victim sends GET beacons to server and the server sends the respective payload for the command/module it wants the victim to execute in response.When the server has some task, such as executing some command/modules, it wants the victim to do.The server replies with a 200 OK default response When server does not have any task for the victim.The victim has completed its staging phase with the server and now sends regularly timed beacons (GET) to the server for any task to execute. STAGE 2 - Finally, the victim sends another POST message, to which server replies with an even bigger (~ 41KB) payload.STAGE 1 - The victim sends a POST message with an encrypted payload, to which server sends a 200 OK response with a small payload.STAGE 0 - First, the victim sends a GET beacon with a cookie in the HTTP headers, server replies with 200 OK with a big (~ 5.5 KB) encrypted payload.When we look at the packet exchange that occurs at this phase using Wireshark, we see there are 3 pairs of Request and Responses exchanged. The end of this exchange completes the staging phase where a victim is successfully connected to the server. Various key exchanges occur during this phase between the client and server which are being used to encrypt and decrypt future communications. This is where the stager is executed on the victim and the victim tries to set up a connection with the Empire Command and Control Server. Command / Post-exploitation module execution Phase.Communication Phasesīefore we get in-depth into Empire’s communication, we first take a high-level overview at the packets exchanged.Įmpire’s communication Phases with the victim can be classified as one of the following two types. To keep the blog short, we are only going to examine the behavior with the default HTTP listener (the HTTP protocol server which listens for victim) that Empire has and use the ‘ PowerShell stager’ (PowerShell based initial program ran on the victim) with ‘ windows/launcher_bat’ (the extension of the initial malware) for exploitation. The Empire’s source code is written in Python, which makes it a lot easier (at least for me) to understand what is happening inside the framework. So, without further ado, let us get right into it. There are a lot of basic how-to Empire articles available on the internet, so in this blog we skip the basics and are going to take an in-depth look at Empire from the network packets perspective, see what is being exchanged, try to decrypt those packets, and understand what each of the fields in the packets mean. Empire C2 : Networking into the Dark Side Command and ControlĮmpire is one of the most popular Command and Control frameworks available open source in GitHub.
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